Diet and Lifestyle Changes Could Help Reduce Cancer in Younger Generations
Certain cancers are becoming more common in Gen X and millennials, according to a new study by the American Cancer Society (ACS). Published in The Lancet Public Health, the study analyzed data from over 23 million patients diagnosed with 34 types of cancer over two decades.
Key Findings from the Study
The study revealed that cancer rates for small intestine, kidney, and pancreatic cancers are two to three times higher in people born in 1990 compared to those born in 1955, for both males and females. Liver cancer rates in females also showed a significant increase.
Younger groups are seeing higher rates of several other cancers, including:
- Breast cancer (estrogen-receptor positive)
- Uterine cancer
- Colorectal cancer
- Non-cardia gastric cancer
- Gallbladder cancer
- Ovarian cancer
- Testicular cancer
- Anal cancer in males
- Kaposi sarcoma in males
Other cancers more prevalent among younger individuals include myeloma, leukemia, cardia gastric cancer, and non-HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (in women). Death rates have also risen for liver cancer (females), gallbladder cancer, uterine cancer, testicular cancer, and colorectal cancer in younger groups.
Understanding the Rising Cancer Rates
Dr. Hyuna Sung, the study’s lead author and a senior principal scientist at the ACS, noted that these findings add to the growing evidence of increased cancer risk in post-baby boomer generations. Factors such as unique social, economic, political, and climate environments during developmental years may contribute to these rising rates.
While the exact reasons for the increase remain unclear, Dr. Edward S. Kim of City of Hope National Medical Center emphasized the need to identify the causes behind this trend. He called it a “paradigm shift” and stressed the importance of educating the public, advancing prevention and early diagnosis, and developing more effective treatments.
Environmental Factors and Lifestyle Changes
There is substantial evidence pointing to environmental causes of early-onset cancers. Environmental factors have changed rapidly in developed countries since the mid-20th century, which might be contributing to these trends. However, modifying diet and lifestyle could have a significant impact, especially when these changes are made in youth and early adulthood.
To maintain a healthy gut microbiome, essential for vitamin absorption, immune system regulation, and food digestion, Dr. Kim recommends avoiding ultra-processed foods, exercising to prevent obesity, and avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption.
The Importance of Early Cancer Screening
Dr. Kim also highlighted the need for making cancer screening more accessible to younger people. Primary care physicians often do not recommend early screenings because cancer has traditionally been associated with older ages. Expanding cancer research focused on younger individuals and increasing access to affordable, comprehensive health insurance for younger generations are critical for improving screening rates.
The Future of Cancer Rates
Studies project that the incidence of cancer among people under age 50 worldwide will increase by 31% by 2030. Dr. Kim expressed concern over the rising trend and called for urgent interventions to prevent more young people from being diagnosed with cancer over the next decade.
The study by the American Cancer Society highlights a troubling rise in cancer rates among younger generations. While the exact causes remain unknown, environmental factors and lifestyle changes play significant roles. Early screening, education, and comprehensive health insurance are essential to combat this trend and reduce cancer rates in the future.
For further information, please refer to the original study in The Lancet Public Health or contact the American Cancer Society.
References:
- American Cancer Society
- The Lancet Public Health
